7. An alterative to Western investments

Nkrumah sought partnerships beyond the West – with the USSR, China, and other Global South nations. He viewed such ties as alternatives to exploitative loans and conditional aid. These alliances, he believed, could fund infrastructure and industry without sacrificing autonomy. For him, diversification was not ideological – it was strategic. Together with Samia Nkrumah, we explore how her father’s approach can inform Africa’s search for equitable investment.